
金融 AI 的人机协同:SR 11-7、模型风险以及美联储实际要求什么
美联储的 SR 11-7 指导早于 LLM 但直接适用于 AI 系统。以下是它对金融模型部署中人工监督的实际要求。
SR 11-7 于 2011 年发布,为量化风险模型编写。它不提及 LLM 或生成式 AI。但它的要求适用于任何"应用统计、经济、金融或数学理论处理输入数据以产生定量估计的量化方法、系统或方法"。
用于评估信用的 LLM 就是 SR 11-7 下的模型。
SR 11-7 的三个支柱
支柱 1:模型开发和实现 — 任务、训练数据、方法论、局限性必须记录。
支柱 2:模型验证 — 独立验证是大多数 AI 部署目前失败的要求。涵盖概念合理性、持续监控和结果分析。
支柱 3:治理、政策和控制 — 模型库存、清晰所有权、审批流程、升级程序。
"有效挑战"的含义
客观、知情和建设性的分析。读审查者准备的摘要然后签批准表格不是有效挑战。
黑箱问题
SR 11-7 的可解释性要求为 LLM 创造了特定问题。人工审查者无法挑战他们看不到的东西。被提示产生推理解释或被 fine-tune 产生结构化理由的 LLM 更适合 SR 11-7 合规。
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